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![]() 1973 – The Congress of Chile votes in favour of a resolution condemning President Salvador Allende 's government and demands that he resign or else be unseated through force and new elections.1972 – Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies.Edgar Hoover and John Mitchell announce the arrest of 20 of the Camden 28. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America. 1968 – Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia.1966 – Labor movements NFWA and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), predecessor of the United Farm Workers.1962 – The OAS attempts to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle.1953 – The penal colony on Devil's Island is permanently closed.1949 – The Queen Charlotte earthquake is Canada's strongest since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.1944 – World War II: Holocaust of Kedros in Crete by German forces.1942 – Brazil declares war on Germany, Japan and Italy.1941 – World War II : German troops begin the Siege of Leningrad.1934 – Bill Woodfull of Australia becomes the only test cricket captain to twice regain The Ashes.1922 – Michael Collins, Commander-in-chief of the Irish Free State Army, is shot dead in an ambush during the Irish Civil War.1902 – At least 6,000 people are killed by the magnitude 7.7 Kashgar earthquake in the Tien Shan mountains.1902 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to make a public appearance in an automobile.1902 – Cadillac Motor Company is founded.1894 – Mahatma Gandhi forms the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal.1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.1864 – Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention, establishing the rules of protection of the victims of armed conflicts.1851 – The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.Austria launches pilotless balloons against the city of Venice. 1846 – The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.1827 – José de la Mar becomes President of Peru.1798 – French troops land at Kilcummin, County Mayo, Ireland to aid the rebellion.1791 – Beginning of the Haitian Slave Revolution in Saint-Domingue, Haiti.1780 – James Cook's ship HMS Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).1777 – British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Stanwix after hearing rumors of Continental Army reinforcements.1770 – James Cook names and lands on Possession Island, and claims the east coast of Australia for Britain as New South Wales.1717 – Spanish troops land on Sardinia.1711 – Britain's Quebec Expedition loses eight ships and almost nine hundred soldiers, sailors and women to rocks at Pointe-aux-Anglais.He is the first known Jewish immigrant to America. 1654 – Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam.1642 – Charles I raises his standard in Nottingham, which marks the beginning of the English Civil War.1639 – Madras (now Chennai ), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.1614 – Fettmilch Uprising : Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse.1559 – Bartolomé Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy.1485 – The Battle of Bosworth Field, the death of Richard III and the end of the House of Plantagenet.1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.851 – Battle of Jengland : Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
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